Academic Vocabulary

20 Academic Vocabulary Words with Meanings and Examples

1. Empirical: Based on observation or experiment rather than theory or pure logic.

  • Example: The scientist conducted empirical research to study the effects of climate change.

2. Hypothesis: A proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested.

  • Example: The researcher formulated a hypothesis about the relationship between diet and heart disease.
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3. Methodology: A system of methods used in a particular field of study.

  • Example: The article described the methodology used for collecting data on student performance.

4. Parameter: A quantity whose value can be changed to influence the behavior of a system.

  • Example: The researchers adjusted the parameters of the experiment to test different conditions.

5. Correlation: A relationship or connection between two or more things.

  • Example: The study found a strong correlation between education level and income.

6. Causation: The act of causing something to happen.

  • Example: The scientist aimed to prove causation between smoking and lung cancer.

7. Variable: A quantity that can change or vary.

  • Example: The independent variable in the experiment was the amount of fertilizer used.

8. Data: Facts and statistics collected together for analysis.

  • Example: The data analysis revealed a significant increase in sales during the holiday season.

9. Analysis: The detailed examination of something to understand its nature.

  • Example: The professor conducted a thorough analysis of the historical documents.

10. Synthesis: The combining of ideas or elements to form a new whole.

  • Example: The essay synthesized different theories to explain the phenomenon.

11. Critique: A detailed analysis and assessment of something.

  • Example: The student wrote a critical critique of the novel.

12. Perspective: A particular viewpoint or way of thinking.

  • Example: The article presented different perspectives on the issue of immigration.

13. Framework: A basic structure or system.

  • Example: The theoretical framework of the study guided the research design.

14. Paradigm: A typical example or model.

  • Example: The shift from a Newtonian to a quantum paradigm revolutionized physics.

15. Phenomenon: A fact or occurrence that is observed.

  • Example: The researchers studied the natural phenomenon of volcanic eruptions.
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16. Theory: A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world.

  • Example: The theory of relativity has been widely accepted by the scientific community.

17. Concept: An abstract idea or general notion.

  • Example: The concept of justice has been debated by philosophers for centuries.

18. Methodology: A system of methods used in a particular field of study.

  • Example: The article described the methodology used for collecting data on student performance.

19. Context: The circumstances in which something happens.

  • Example: It is important to consider the historical context when interpreting the text.

20. Evidence: Facts or information used to prove something.

  • Example: The lawyer presented compelling evidence to support the defendant’s case.

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